Ernest Hemingway pioneered the short story genre by prioritizing economy of prose. He also wrote the shortest short story: his famous six-word “For Sale: Baby Shoes Never Worn!” The whole story embodies these words, which are semantically meaningful. Influenced by Edgar Allan Poe’s “single-effect” theory, each story drives the reader to concentrate on a substantial controlling idea that directs the story from beginning to end.

A writer of the “Lost Generation,” Hemingway went to Europe during World War I to master writing. He also served at the front. He used his experiences then, before, and after to craft a highly original approach to the short story, involving thematic issues around marriage, war, friendship, bullfighting, love, nature, and enemies. He also explored themes of alienation, isolation, existential philosophy, meaninglessness, nihilism, and aimlessness. Hemingway’s wide perspective invites an intense subjectivity, uniting with readers who become an active part of the interpretation. Zennure Köseman’s new book offers a deft exploration of this craft.